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Pharmacogenomics in colorectal cancer: current role in clinical practice and future perspectives

Francesca Battaglin1,2, Alberto Puccini1, Madiha Naseem1

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment
|September 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pharmacogenomics is revolutionizing colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment by personalizing therapies based on genetic variations. This approach aids in selecting optimal treatments and predicting patient responses and toxicities for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is advancing with new targeted therapies for metastatic disease.
  • Identifying predictive biomarkers is crucial for patient selection and guiding therapeutic decisions.
  • Pharmacogenomics offers a powerful tool for personalizing CRC treatment based on genetic variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current pharmacogenomic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
  • To explore future perspectives of pharmacogenomics in CRC treatment.
  • To highlight the shift towards comprehensive, genome-wide approaches in CRC pharmacogenomics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pharmacogenomic biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
  • Analysis of evolving therapeutic strategies and resistance mechanisms.
  • Discussion of novel technologies and their impact on pharmacogenomic research.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacogenomics enables individualized treatment by analyzing germline and somatic genetic variations.
  • Knowledge of CRC molecular characteristics is key to identifying predictive biomarkers.
  • Clinical validation of biomarkers remains a significant challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacogenomics is essential for personalized colorectal cancer treatment, predicting drug response and toxicity.
  • Future CRC pharmacogenomics will involve comprehensive genome-wide analyses, including genomics and epigenetics.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms and leveraging new technologies will drive future advancements.
Keywords:
BRAFColorectal cancerDNA methylationRASUDP-Glucuronosyltrasferase A1dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenaseepidermal growth factor receptormicrosatellite instabilitypharmacogenomicsvascular endothelial growth factor

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