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Acceptance of a Smartphone-Based Visual Field Screening Platform for Glaucoma: Pre-Post Study.

Esmael Kedir Nida¹, Sisay Bekele², Luc Geurts¹

¹e-Media Lab, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

JMIR Formative Research

|September 17, 2021

Summary

The Glaucoma Easy Screener (GES), a mobile health tool, shows promise for glaucoma screening in low-income rural areas. Eye care professionals found it acceptable and easy to use, potentially reducing blindness.

Keywords:

UTAUT eye glaucoma glaucoma screening mHealth acceptance mhealth mhealth for eye care mobile phone ophthalmic ophthalmology visual

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Public Health
Medical Technology

Background:

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, disproportionately affecting low-income countries.
A significant challenge is late diagnosis, with over 50% of individuals unaware until advanced stages.
Glaucoma-induced blindness constitutes 15% of total blindness incidence in some low-income regions.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the acceptability of the Glaucoma Easy Screener (GES), a novel, low-cost visual field screening platform.
GES utilizes a smartphone, virtual reality headset, and gaming joystick for glaucoma screening.

Main Methods:

A mixed-methods study involving 24 eye care professionals in Southwest Ethiopia.
A pre-post design with questionnaires and interviews guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology.
Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess changes in user perspectives.

Main Results:

Professionals perceived the Glaucoma Easy Screener (GES) as easy to use and suitable for screening, particularly in rural outreach.
Significant improvements in average post-use questionnaire scores (86% of items) compared to pre-use scores were observed.
Acceptability was high, but contingent on tool accuracy, with a recommendation to limit its use to screening, not diagnosis.

Conclusions:

The Glaucoma Easy Screener (GES) demonstrates feasibility for glaucoma screening in rural settings using mobile technology.
This low-cost VR-based tool has the potential to mitigate the impact of glaucoma-related blindness.
Further research is needed to validate the sensitivity and specificity of the GES tool.