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Effect of electrode size and spacing on electrograms: Optimized electrode configuration for near-field electrogram
Masateru Takigawa1, Takeshi Kitamura2, Shubhayu Basu3
1CHU Bordeaux, IHU LIRYC, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Heart Rhythm Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Heart Rhythm
|September 17, 2021
Summary
Smaller electrode size and spacing improve electrogram (EGM) analysis for better gap detection and reduced far-field signals. This optimization may enhance atrial fibrillation (AF) mapping by reducing artifacts.
Area of Science:
- Electrophysiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Systematic examination of electrode size effects on electrograms (EGMs) is lacking.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for improving cardiac mapping techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the impact of electrode size on EGMs.
- To identify optimal electrode size and interelectrode spacing for gap detection and far-field signal reduction.
Main Methods:
- Sheep models with healthy, fatty, and lesion tissues were used.
- Probes with varying electrode sizes (0.1-0.5 mm) and interelectrode spacings (0.1-3 mm) were tested.
- Performance was evaluated based on gap detection and far-field reduction capabilities.
Main Results:
- Larger electrode size increased unipolar and bipolar EGMs in healthy/fat tissues but not lesions.
- Smaller electrodes (0.2-0.3 mm) and spacing (0.1 mm) improved gap detection and tissue differentiation.
- The optimal configuration (0.3 mm electrode/0.1 mm spacing) yielded more discrete EGMs and reproducible atrial fibrillation cycle length.
Conclusions:
- Electrode size significantly influences both unipolar and bipolar EGMs.
- Microelectrodes with small interelectrode spacing offer superior gap detection and far-field reduction.
- This configuration can reduce artifactual complex fractionated atrial electrograms, potentially revolutionizing AF mapping.
