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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Trichomonas Infection Rates in Males Presenting to the Emergency Department for Sexually Transmitted Infections.

Heather M Territo1, Brian H Wrotniak2, Christine Verni3

  • 1University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, New York; John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York; Erie County Department of Health, Buffalo, New York.

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Summary

Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) affects 4.4% of males seeking STI care, with higher rates in older and Black men. Clear penile discharge was a common symptom in infected males, indicating TV prevalence in men warrants continued testing.

Keywords:
Trichomonas vaginalisemergency departmentmaleprevalencesexual transmitted infections

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Urology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI), with high prevalence in at-risk females.
  • Data on TV prevalence and symptoms in the male population are limited.
  • Understanding TV in males is crucial for comprehensive STI control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the infection rate of TV in male patients presenting for STI evaluation in an emergency department (ED).
  • To identify symptoms associated with TV infection in male patients.
  • To compare TV prevalence in males with existing data for females.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of male patients aged 13+ undergoing STI evaluation in the ED.
  • Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) used for TV detection.
  • Analysis of demographic data and presenting symptoms.

Main Results:

  • A total of 2137 male patients were included, with a 4.4% TV infection rate.
  • TV-positive patients were older (mean 38.9 years) and more likely to be Black.
  • Clear penile discharge was more common in TV-positive males, while testicular pain/tenderness was less common.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of TV in males seeking STI testing in the ED is comparable to that in females.
  • Higher TV rates were observed in older and African-American males.
  • TV is prevalent in males, supporting its continued inclusion in STI evaluations.