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Altered Heschl's gyrus duplication pattern in first-episode schizophrenia.

Tsutomu Takahashi1, Daiki Sasabayashi1, Yoichiro Takayanagi2

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Schizophrenia Research
|September 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show higher rates of Heschl's gyrus (HG) duplication patterns and reduced gray matter volume in the superior temporal lobe. These findings suggest early neurodevelopmental issues in schizophrenia (Sz).

Keywords:
Auditory cortexHeschl's gyrusMagnetic resonance imagingSulcogyral patternSuperior temporal gyrus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Reduced gray matter volume in the superior temporal gyrus, including Heschl's gyrus (HG) and planum temporale (PT), is noted in schizophrenia (Sz).
  • Altered sulcogyral patterns on the superior temporal plane in Sz remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Heschl's gyrus (HG) duplication patterns (single HG, common stem duplication [CSD], or complete posterior duplication [CPD]) in first-episode schizophrenia (FESz).
  • To examine the relationship between HG duplication patterns, clinical variables, and gray matter volumes in HG and PT in FESz patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to analyze HG duplication patterns and gray matter volumes.
  • 64 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 64 healthy controls were included in the study.

Main Results:

  • FESz patients exhibited a higher prevalence of duplicated HG patterns and smaller HG and PT gray matter volumes compared to controls.
  • A right complete posterior duplication (CPD) pattern in FESz was linked to less severe positive symptoms.
  • Both CSD and CPD patterns correlated with larger HG and PT volumes, respectively, in both groups.

Conclusions:

  • An altered HG duplication pattern is present in the early stages of schizophrenia, potentially indicating early neurodevelopmental anomalies.
  • The observed reductions in HG and PT volumes in FESz are not solely explained by the altered sulcogyral pattern, highlighting complex superior temporal pathology in schizophrenia.