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Updated: Oct 19, 2025
Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death
Published on: April 24, 2011
Designing of various biosensor devices for determination of apoptosis: A comprehensive review
Rumeysa Akçapınar1, Bora Garipcan2, Vahabodin Goodarzi3
1Hacettepe University, Institute of Science, Division of Bioengineering, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract:
Apoptosis is a type of cell death caused by the occurrence of both pathological and physiological conditions triggered by ligation of death receptors outside the cell or triggered by DNA damage and/or cytoskeleton disruption. Timely monitoring of apoptosis can effectively help early diagnosis of related diseases and continuous assessment of the effectiveness of drugs. Detecting caspases, a protease family closely related to cellular apoptosis, and its identification as markers of apoptosis is a popular procedure. Biosensors are used for early diagnosis and play a very important role in preventing disease progression in various body sections. Recently, there has been a widespread increase in the desire to use materials made of paper (e.g. nitrocellulose membrane) for Point-of-Care (POC) testing systems since paper and paper-like materials are cheap, abundant and degradable. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are highly promising as they are cost-effective, easy to use, fast, precise and sustainable over time and under different environmental conditions. In this review, we focused our efforts on compiling the different approaches on identifying apoptosis pathway while giving brief information about apoptosis and biosensors. This review includes recent advantages in biosensing techniques to simply determine what happened in the cell life and which direction it would continue. As a conclusion, we believed that the review may help to researchers to compare/update the knowledge about diagnosis of the apoptosis pathway while reminding the basic definitions about the apoptosis and biosensor technologies.
Insights
This review explores biosensors for detecting apoptosis, a crucial cell death process. It highlights microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) as promising tools for disease diagnosis and drug assessment.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is vital for health and disease.
- Monitoring apoptosis aids early disease diagnosis and drug efficacy assessment.
- Caspases are key biomarkers for detecting apoptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current biosensing techniques for identifying apoptosis pathways.
- To provide an overview of apoptosis and biosensor technologies.
- To highlight the potential of paper-based biosensors for point-of-care testing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of apoptosis detection methods.
- Focus on biosensors, particularly microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs).
- Compilation of recent advancements in biosensing for apoptosis analysis.
Main Results:
- Biosensors offer effective tools for early disease diagnosis.
- Paper-based materials are suitable for developing cost-effective and portable diagnostic devices.
- μPADs present a promising platform for rapid and reliable apoptosis detection.
Conclusions:
- Biosensing, especially using μPADs, is advancing apoptosis pathway identification.
- This review consolidates knowledge on apoptosis and biosensor technologies.
- Further research in paper-based biosensors can improve disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
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01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
01:30Apoptosis