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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Minimally Invasive Isolated Limb Perfusion (MI-ILP) for Locally Advanced Melanomas and Sarcomas of the Extremity
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Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Melanoma Without Immediate Completion Lymph Node Dissection.

Robert J Torphy1, Chloe Friedman1, Felix Ho1

  • 1Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Annals of Surgical Oncology
|September 19, 2021
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Summary

Modern adjuvant therapy for stage III melanoma patients avoiding completion lymph node dissection (CLND) shows promise. It is linked to improved distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in stage IIIb/c disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Adjuvant therapy use is rising for stage III melanoma with occult lymph node metastasis.
  • Completion lymph node dissection (CLND) rates are declining in these patients.
  • The study evaluates outcomes for melanoma patients not undergoing CLND.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utilization of modern adjuvant therapy in stage III melanoma patients who did not undergo CLND.
  • To analyze recurrence rates and survival outcomes in this patient cohort.
  • To determine the impact of adjuvant therapy versus observation on disease recurrence and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 90 patients with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) from 2015-2020 who did not undergo CLND.
  • Analysis of nodal recurrence, recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and melanoma-specific survival.
  • Comparison between patients receiving adjuvant therapy and those under observation alone.

Main Results:

  • 56% received adjuvant therapy; 34% observed. Adjuvant therapy patients were younger and had higher stage disease.
  • Disease recurrence occurred in 35% of observation vs. 20% of adjuvant therapy patients.
  • No significant difference in 24-month nodal recurrence or RFS between groups. Adjuvant therapy improved 24-month DMFS in stage IIIb/c patients (86% vs. 59%).

Conclusions:

  • Modern adjuvant therapy in patients foregoing CLND is associated with longer DMFS in stage IIIb/c melanoma.
  • Further investigation is warranted to confirm these findings and optimize treatment strategies.
  • Adjuvant therapy may be a viable option for select stage III melanoma patients not undergoing CLND.