Relationship Between Serum Magnesium Level and Insulin Resistance in Turkey Non-obese Adult Population

The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is widely used in clinical practice to estimate insulin resistance. In particular, magnesium (Mg) is an extensively studied mineral that has been shown to function in the management of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (IR) action. The pathophysiology of IR in non-obese patients has not been clearly demonstrated. From this point of view, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum Mg level and IR in non-obese patients. We analyzed 957 patients who are not obese and estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Patients were divided into two groups, with and without IR. The results of the IR detected group (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5, n = 544) and the IR undetected group (HOMA-IR < 2.5, n = 413) were compared. The median Mg value of the patients was 1.76 [0.21] mg/dL. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding serum Mg levels (p = 0.043). A negative correlation was found between the HOMA-IR index and serum Mg levels among patients (r =  - 0.064, p = 0.049). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that serum Mg level (p = 0.039, odds ratio [OR] = 0.770[95%CI: [0.917-0.989]) was independent risk factors for IR. HOMA-IR increases as the Mg level decreases in advanced ages without obesity, especially in men with low e-GFR.