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Neonatal multicystic dysplastic kidney with mass effect: A systematic review
Samuel Pettit1, David Chalmers2
1University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, 11 Hills Beach Rd, Biddeford, ME, 04005, USA.
Journal of Pediatric Urology
|September 20, 2021
Summary
Large Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney (MCDK) in newborns can cause dangerous external compression. Neonatal nephrectomy is a definitive treatment for these rare but serious cases, leading to positive outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Neonatal Medicine
- Urology
Background:
- Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney (MCDK) is a common cause of abdominal masses in neonates.
- Life-threatening extrinsic compression from MCDK is rare but serious.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review neonatal MCDK cases with external compression due to mass effect.
- To improve communication and inform management of similar future cases.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
- PubMed search using MeSH terms for neonatal MCDK and mass effect complications.
- Inclusion criteria: neonatal MCDK with external compression by mass effect; exclusion criteria: lack of MCDK diagnosis, neonatal patient, or mass effect.
Main Results:
- Seven papers met criteria, detailing eight neonatal MCDK patients.
- Symptoms included respiratory distress, gastrointestinal obstruction, and contralateral ureteral obstruction.
- All eight patients underwent neonatal nephrectomy with positive outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Large neonatal MCDK can cause life-threatening external compression.
- Nephrectomy is a definitive and reasonable treatment in such cases.
- Less invasive options like aspiration with sclerotherapy may be considered; communication of exceptional cases is vital.
