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Empty sella in children with pituitary dwarfism: does it exist?

B di Natale¹, G Scotti, C Pellini

¹Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Italy.

Pediatrician

|January 1, 1987

Summary

Pediatric empty sella cases often present with pituitary hypoplasia, not classical empty sella. All patients showed growth hormone deficiency, indicating pituitary dysfunction rather than a typical empty sella.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Endocrinology
Neuroradiology
Neuroendocrinology

Background:

Empty sella is an anatomoradiological finding where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fills the sella turcica.
Endocrinological abnormalities are frequently observed in pediatric patients with empty sella.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between empty sella and endocrinological abnormalities in short pediatric patients.
To characterize the hormonal and radiological features of pediatric empty sella.

Main Methods:

Hormonal and radiological assessments were performed on 16 short children diagnosed with empty sella via CT scan.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sellar region was conducted in 5 patients.

Main Results:

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All 16 patients exhibited growth hormone deficiency (GHD).
Other hormonal deficiencies included hypothyroidism (6/16), gonadotropin deficiency (4/11), and low cortisol levels (4/13).
MRI revealed pituitary hypoplasia and disrupted pituitary stalk in all evaluated patients, contradicting classical empty sella imaging.

Conclusions:

The endocrinological findings in these pediatric patients suggest pituitary hypoplasia rather than a classical empty sella.
Isolated GHD was present in 7/16 patients, while 9/16 had multiple hormone deficiencies.