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Mechanism and adverse effects of COVID-19 drugs: a basic review

Nadia Mohammad Zadeh1, Nazli Sadat Mashinchi Asl2, Khatereh Forouharnejad3

  • 1School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tehran Faculty of Medicine Tehran, Iran.

International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology
|September 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This review summarizes adverse effects of various COVID-19 treatments, including vitamin D, zinc, and remdesivir. Understanding these side effects is crucial for managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a chronic inflammatory condition.
  • Deterioration in COVID-19 patients is often linked to a compromised immune system.
  • Current treatments for COVID-19 leverage immune-based and antiviral properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize reported adverse effects of various drugs used in COVID-19 treatment.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of potential side effects associated with common COVID-19 therapies.
  • To inform clinicians and researchers about the safety profiles of COVID-19 medications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific papers and clinical trials.
  • Identification and compilation of adverse events associated with specific COVID-19 drugs.
  • Categorization of adverse effects based on drug and therapeutic line.

Main Results:

  • Adverse effects were documented for vitamin D, zinc, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, azithromycin, dexamethasone, amantadine, and aspirin.
  • These side effects were observed in various experimental and clinical settings.
  • The review highlights the importance of monitoring for adverse events during COVID-19 treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Various medications used for COVID-19 treatment present a range of adverse effects.
  • Careful consideration of drug safety profiles is essential for effective patient management.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and mitigate the risks associated with COVID-19 therapies.
Keywords:
COVID-19Mechanismadverse effectdrugs

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