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Related Concept Videos

Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

639
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
639
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

178
Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
178
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers01:20

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

1.2K
Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
1.2K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers01:24

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers

1.0K
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
1.0K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

1.4K
Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
1.4K
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

499
Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism,...
499

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Azithromycin-Induced Bradycardia.

Basel Abdelazeem1, Rachel M Hollander2, Sarah Ayad3

  • 1Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care/Michigan State University (MSU), Flint, USA.

Cureus
|September 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, may cause bradycardia (slow heart rate). This case report highlights the potential cardiovascular risk, emphasizing diagnosis by exclusion and physician awareness.

Keywords:
azithromycinbradyarrhythmiabradycardiacase reportmacrolide

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic with known cardiovascular effects, including QT interval prolongation.
  • Limited research exists on the association between azithromycin and bradyarrhythmias.
  • Bradycardia can be detected via telemetry and is often diagnosed by excluding other causes.

Observation:

  • A 44-year-old female with obstructive sleep apnea presented with polysubstance drug overdose and possible aspiration pneumonia.
  • The patient received azithromycin for treatment.
  • Two days after starting azithromycin, the patient developed symptomatic bradycardia.

Findings:

  • This case suggests a potential link between azithromycin use and the development of bradycardia.
  • The diagnosis was established after ruling out other potential causes of bradycardia.
  • The patient's presentation highlights a rare but significant adverse effect of azithromycin.

Implications:

  • Physicians should be aware of the possibility of azithromycin-induced bradycardia.
  • Further research may be needed to elucidate the mechanisms and prevalence of this adverse effect.
  • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive cardiovascular monitoring in patients receiving azithromycin, especially those with pre-existing risk factors.