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Published on: August 4, 2011
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Miliary tuberculosis presenting as bilateral pseudo-retinoblastoma
Yamini Attiku1, Pukhraj Rishi1
1Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
GMS Ophthalmology Cases
|September 20, 2021
Summary
Miliary tuberculosis can mimic retinoblastoma, presenting a diagnostic challenge. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for managing this rare presentation of ocular tuberculosis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in children.
- Miliary tuberculosis is a disseminated form of tuberculosis that can affect various organs, including the eyes.
Observation:
- A case report detailing a child with a family history of retinoblastoma presented with symptoms suggestive of central nervous system involvement.
- Ophthalmic examination revealed multiple yellowish-white lesions in both eyes, characteristic of retinoblastoma.
- Brain imaging demonstrated multiple enhancing lesions, further complicating the differential diagnosis.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with miliary tuberculosis, not retinoblastoma.
- Anti-tubercular therapy was initiated, leading to a positive clinical response.
Implications:
- Ocular tuberculosis can present with signs and symptoms that closely resemble retinoblastoma.
- A high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosing ocular tuberculosis, especially in patients with a family history of retinoblastoma.
- This case highlights the importance of considering infectious etiologies in the differential diagnosis of intraocular lesions in children.
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