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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

Mitophagy in Antiviral Immunity.

Hongna Wang^1,2,3, Yongfeng Zheng^1,2, Jieru Huang^1,2

¹Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

|September 20, 2021

Summary

Mitophagy, a cellular process for removing damaged mitochondria, is exploited by viruses. Viruses manipulate mitophagy to weaken host antiviral immunity and promote their own survival, evading immune responses.

Keywords:

autophagy immune infection mitochondria mitophagy virus

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Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

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Published on: October 28, 2019

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Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Immunology
Virology

Background:

Mitochondria are crucial for energy production, apoptosis, and antiviral immunity.
Mitophagy, the selective degradation of mitochondria, maintains cellular homeostasis.
Viruses are increasingly recognized to manipulate cellular processes for their benefit.

Purpose of the Study:

To review advances in understanding mitophagy during viral infections.
To summarize host immune responses to viruses.
To elucidate viral strategies for manipulating mitophagy to evade immunity.

Main Methods:

Literature review of scientific articles on mitophagy and viral infections.
Analysis of host-pathogen interactions involving mitochondria.
Synthesis of current knowledge on immune evasion mechanisms.

Main Results:

Viruses employ diverse strategies to hijack mitophagy.
Mitophagy manipulation by viruses targets mitochondria-localized immune molecules.
This viral manipulation aids in escaping host immune surveillance.

Conclusions:

Mitophagy is a key battleground in host-pathogen interactions.
Understanding viral manipulation of mitophagy offers insights into viral pathogenesis.
Targeting mitophagy pathways may present novel antiviral therapeutic strategies.