Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

384
Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
384
Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings01:29

Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings

1.4K
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving technique for managing acute respiratory failure and other respiratory complications. The process involves using a machine known as a ventilator to supply oxygen to the lungs and assist in removing carbon dioxide. It serves as a bridge to long-term mechanical ventilation or a temporary measure until ventilatory support is discontinued. The ventilator can maintain this function for a prolonged period, providing critical support for patients until they can...
1.4K
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

322
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
322
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

634
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
634
Physiological Control of Respiration01:23

Physiological Control of Respiration

4.5K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
4.5K
Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration01:30

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

2.0K
Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ten-year management of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction in a single UK center: a retrospective cohort study.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)·2026
Same author

60 years of ARDS and the evolution of extracorporeal lung support - from ECMO to ECCO<sub>2</sub>R.

Intensive care medicine·2026
Same author

PEEP and alveolar recruitment after 60 years of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Intensive care medicine·2026
Same author

Extracorporeal life support in adult critically ill patients: mechanisms of benefit in respiratory and cardiac failure.

American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine·2026
Same author

Computational tools for personalizing treatment of acute respiratory failure, from machine learning to digital twins: a narrative review.

Critical care (London, England)·2026
Same author

Carbocisteine or Hypertonic Saline for Acute Respiratory Failure.

The New England journal of medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

3D Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Respiratory Motion in Mechanically Ventilated Mice and Rats
08:22

3D Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Respiratory Motion in Mechanically Ventilated Mice and Rats

Published on: September 19, 2025

511

Mechanical ventilation in COVID-19: A physiological perspective.

John N Cronin1,2, Luigi Camporota1,3, Federico Formenti1,4,5

  • 1Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK.

Experimental Physiology
|September 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review details mechanical ventilation strategies for severe COVID-19 pneumonia, emphasizing individualized settings based on lung mechanics to prevent injury. Understanding patient phenotypes is key for safe and effective respiratory support.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2artificialcritical carephysiologyrespirationrespiratoryrespiratory distress syndrome

More Related Videos

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
05:05

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats

Published on: July 18, 2025

208
Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics
12:09

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics

Published on: April 19, 2024

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

3D Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Respiratory Motion in Mechanically Ventilated Mice and Rats
08:22

3D Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Respiratory Motion in Mechanically Ventilated Mice and Rats

Published on: September 19, 2025

511
A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
05:05

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats

Published on: July 18, 2025

208
Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics
12:09

Ex Vivo Porcine Experimental Model for Studying and Teaching Lung Mechanics

Published on: April 19, 2024

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Critical Care
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 pneumonia can cause respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • Improper ventilation settings can lead to ventilator-induced lung injury.
  • COVID-19 presents distinct respiratory phenotypes impacting lung mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a critical summary of physiological aspects for safe mechanical ventilation in severe COVID-19.
  • To propose fundamental physiological and mechanical criteria for selecting ventilation settings.
  • To optimize gas exchange and prevent lung injury in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Critical analysis of existing literature on respiratory physiology and COVID-19 pathophysiology.
  • Identification of key physiological and mechanical parameters for ventilation.
  • Development of criteria for tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) selection.

Main Results:

  • Individualized mechanical ventilation is crucial, tailored to patient-specific lung mechanics.
  • Tidal volume selection should aim for driving pressure < 14 cmH2O to avoid hypoventilation or excessive strain.
  • Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) should be guided by lung recruitability assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding COVID-19 lung injury phenotypes and individual mechanics is vital for mechanical ventilation.
  • Proposed criteria facilitate optimized ventilation settings, improving patient outcomes.
  • Early consideration of prone positioning is often beneficial.