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Antimicrobial resistance at the livestock-human interface: implications for Veterinary Services
Revue Scientifique Et Technique (International Office of Epizootics)
|September 20, 2021
Summary
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat impacting human and animal health. Reducing antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock through rational prescribing and preventive measures is crucial to combat AMR.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health challenge, compromising treatments for both human and animal infections.
- The link between antimicrobial use (AMU) in food-producing animals and human AMR infections is suspected but not fully quantified.
- Overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in livestock are primary drivers of AMR emergence, necessitating robust data for monitoring interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the critical need for comprehensive data on antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock.
- To identify key strategies for reducing AMU and mitigating AMR in the food-producing animal sector.
- To emphasize the importance of rational antimicrobial prescribing and disease prevention in livestock management.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and data on global antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevalence.
- Analysis of factors contributing to AMU and AMR in food-producing animals.
- Identification of essential components for effective AMU stewardship and AMR reduction strategies.
Main Results:
- Global data on AMU and AMR are incomplete, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with knowledge often relying on modeling estimates.
- Monitoring guidelines exist for harmonized AMR data collection, but implementation varies.
- Rational antimicrobial use, focusing on disease prevention rather than routine prophylaxis, is essential.
Conclusions:
- Accessible veterinary services, prescription-only antibiotic sales, and veterinarian independence from drug sales are vital.
- Enhanced veterinarian expertise in preventive medicine, including husbandry, biosecurity, and vaccinology, is critical.
- Farmer engagement and willingness to invest in preventive measures are key to successful AMU reduction and AMR control in livestock.
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