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Assessment of Social Transmission of Food Preferences Behaviors
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Concrete Messages Increase Healthy Eating Preferences.

Emily Balcetis1, Madhumitha Manivannan1, E Blair Cox1

  • 1Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA.

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Public health messages promoting healthy eating are more effective when using concrete language. Describing specific outcomes, rather than abstract concepts, increases preferences for healthy foods.

Keywords:
abstractionconstrual leveljunk foodtemporal distance

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Area of Science:

  • Health Communication
  • Behavioral Science
  • Nutrition Psychology

Background:

  • Public health campaigns aim to promote healthy eating habits through strategic messaging.
  • Understanding message components that influence food preferences is crucial for effective health promotion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how message framing (gain vs. loss), language abstractness (abstract vs. concrete), and temporal distance (near vs. far outcomes) affect preferences for healthy foods.

Main Methods:

  • An online experimental study involved 1676 American participants.
  • Participants were exposed to health messages varying in framing, language abstractness, and temporal distance.
  • Preferences for healthy versus unhealthy foods were measured.

Main Results:

  • Concrete language significantly increased the frequency of choosing healthy foods over unhealthy foods.
  • Message framing (gain vs. loss) did not significantly impact food preferences.
  • Temporal distance to outcomes also did not significantly affect food preferences.

Conclusions:

  • Concrete language in health messages may be a more effective strategy for motivating healthier food choices.
  • Future public health campaigns should consider using concrete descriptions to enhance message impact.
  • Findings contribute to theories of persuasion and social cognitive behavior.