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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Plasmablastic lymphoma: case report.

Arturo Olvera-Acevedo1, María Lucero Espinoza-Sánchez1, Jorge Hurtado-Díaz1

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret", Departamento de Medicina Interna. Ciudad de México, México.

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|September 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma often seen in HIV patients. Accurate diagnosis requires correlating clinical, biochemical, and imaging findings to distinguish it from multiple myeloma.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • It predominantly affects individuals with HIV infection, transplant recipients, and the elderly.
  • The oral cavity is the most common site, with neoplastic cells expressing plasma cell markers (CD138, CD38) and often associated with Epstein-Barr virus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges of plasmablastic lymphoma, particularly differentiating it from multiple myeloma.
  • To present a case study of a patient with HIV and symptoms suggestive of myeloma.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnostic workup included protein electrophoresis and bone marrow aspiration to rule out multiple myeloma.
  • A bone biopsy confirmed plasmablastic lymphoma, positive for CD138, high Ki-67 (80%), and Epstein-Barr virus.
Keywords:
BoneFracturas ÓseasFracturesHipercalcemiaHypercalcemiaLinfoma PlasmablásticoLinfoma no HodgkinLymphomaNon-HodgkinPlasmablastic Lymphoma

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  • Treatment involved EPOCH chemotherapy combined with antiretroviral therapy.

    • Main Results:

    • The patient presented with symptoms mimicking myeloma-related organ dysfunction.
    • Despite initial investigations ruling out multiple myeloma, a bone biopsy confirmed plasmablastic lymphoma.
    • The patient received EPOCH chemotherapy, achieving a survival of six months.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinguishing plasmablastic lymphoma from multiple myeloma is critical due to overlapping features.
    • A comprehensive diagnostic approach integrating clinical, biochemical, immunohistochemical, and radiographic data is essential.
    • Effective treatment involves EPOCH chemotherapy and antiretroviral therapy, improving survival rates.