Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

19.6K
The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
19.6K
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

10.6K
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
10.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The life history of recessive deleterious alleles as seen through the eyes of a honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same author

Spatiotemporal variation in the microbiome of <i>Aedes vexans</i> from Korea reveals regional markers linked to environmental risk factors.

Microbiology spectrum·2026
Same author

2-Methoxystypandrone from <i>Polygonum cuspidatum</i> Rejuvenates Senescence by Reducing Mitochondrial ROS.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Psoriasis risk allele function in activated Th1/17 cells with "memory" to antigen exposure.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Pathogenic and Genetic Diversity of <i>Sclerotium rolfsii,</i> the Causal Agent of Southern Blight of Common Bean in Uganda.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Eye can see clearly now: Identifying the locus associated with a white-eye mutation in honey bees (Apis mellifera).

Insect molecular biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.7K

Improved Apis mellifera reference genome based on the alternative long-read-based assemblies.

Milyausha Kaskinova1, Bayazit Yunusbayev2,3, Radick Altinbaev4

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450054, Russia.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
|September 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers improved the western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) genome assembly by resolving gaps and adding telomeres. This enhanced assembly aids future honey bee genomics research and understanding of this key pollinator.

Keywords:
Apis melliferaPacBiochromosome assemblygap closinggenome assemblylong readsreference genomescaffold positioningtelomere resolving

More Related Videos

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
12:08

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

5.3K
An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus
12:10

An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus

Published on: November 30, 2014

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions
07:20

Maintaining Biological Cultures and Measuring Gene Expression in Aphis nerii: A Non-model System for Plant-insect Interactions

Published on: August 31, 2018

7.7K
Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies
12:08

Hybrid De Novo Genome Assembly for the Generation of Complete Genomes of Urinary Bacteria using Short- and Long-read Sequencing Technologies

Published on: August 20, 2021

5.3K
An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus
12:10

An Experimental and Bioinformatics Protocol for RNA-seq Analyses of Photoperiodic Diapause in the Asian Tiger Mosquito, Aedes albopictus

Published on: November 30, 2014

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Zoology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • The western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is crucial for crop pollination and serves as a model organism for social behavior studies.
  • Existing honey bee genome assemblies have limitations, including numerous gaps, unplaced scaffolds, and missing telomeres, particularly in repetitive regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To improve the quality of the western honey bee reference genome by resolving assembly gaps and adding missing telomeres.
  • To enhance the accuracy of genomic resources for Apis mellifera L. to support future research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized de novo re-assemblies from raw reads of the Amel_HAv_3.1 reference genome and other long-read assemblies.
  • Employed PacBio read mapping and gene annotation assessment to validate the accuracy of the corrected assembly.
  • Focused on resolving gaps, unplaced scaffolds, and telomeres within highly repetitive chromosomal regions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully resolved 13 gaps, five unplaced/unlocalized scaffolds, and two distal telomeres in the Amel_HAv_3.1 assembly, totaling 848,747 bp.
  • Identified consistent assembly failures in highly repetitive regions across different PacBio-read-based assemblies, notably on chromosome 10.
  • The updated assembly provides a more accurate resource for reference-guided scaffolding and marker mapping.

Conclusions:

  • The study significantly improved the western honey bee genome assembly by addressing limitations in repetitive regions.
  • While improvements were made, ultra-long Nanopore sequencing may be necessary for complete resolution of complex repetitive regions.
  • The enhanced genome assembly facilitates more accurate and reliable honey bee genomics studies.