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Dual function Li-reactive coating from residual lithium on Ni-rich NCM cathode material for Lithium-ion batteries
Tahir Sattar1,2,3, Seong-Ju Sim1, Bong-Soo Jin1
1Next Generation Battery Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Changwon, Republic of Korea.
Scientific Reports
|September 21, 2021
Summary
Lithium phosphate coating on nickel-rich cathode materials significantly improves battery performance. This enhancement boosts capacity retention and rate capability, extending battery lifespan for electric vehicles.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Nickel-rich layered oxides (NCM) are promising cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.
- However, NCM materials suffer from poor cycling stability and rate performance due to surface degradation and residual lithium compounds.
- Developing effective surface modification strategies is crucial for unlocking their full potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich LiNi0.91Co0.06Mn0.03O2 (NCM) cathode material.
- To investigate the effect of lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) coating on the cyclability and rate capability of NCM.
- To understand the mechanism by which Li3PO4 coating improves battery performance.
Main Methods:
- Surface coating of Ni-rich NCM with lithium phosphate (Li3PO4).
- Electrochemical characterization including cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling at various C-rates.
- Analysis of capacity retention and discharge capacities of pristine and coated NCM samples.
Main Results:
- The Li3PO4-coated NCM (LiP-0.1 NCM) exhibited superior capacity retention (82%) compared to pristine NCM (68.1%) after 100 cycles.
- LiP-0.1 NCM delivered significantly higher discharge capacities at high C-rates (e.g., 161.9 mAh g-1 at 3C) than pristine NCM.
- The Li3PO4 coating suppressed irreversible phase transitions and reduced polarization, confirmed by cyclic voltammetry.
Conclusions:
- Li3PO4 coating effectively enhances the electrochemical performance of Ni-rich NCM cathode materials.
- The coating acts as a protective layer, mitigating surface degradation and improving lithium-ion transport.
- This surface modification strategy offers a promising route for developing advanced cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
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