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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

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Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
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Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle01:22

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH...
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Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

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The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
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The Menstrual Cycle01:19

The Menstrual Cycle

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The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a...
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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

A Method to Study the Impact of Chemically-induced Ovarian Failure on Exercise Capacity and Cardiac Adaptation in Mice
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Can time to menopause be predicted?

Tom G Tanbo1,2, Peter Z Fedorcsak1,2

  • 1Department of Reproductive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
|September 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Predicting menopause onset is crucial for reproductive planning. Current methods lack reliability, except for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) testing near menopause.

Keywords:
Anti-Müllerian hormonefollicle-stimulating hormonefolliclesinhibinmenarchemenopauseovary

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Women's Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Menopause signifies the end of a woman's reproductive capacity, initiating a prolonged hypoestrogenic state.
  • Sociodemographic shifts, including increased age at first birth, impact reproductive timelines.
  • Predicting menopause onset is vital for reproductive health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictability of menopause onset using various factors.
  • To identify reliable methods for forecasting menopausal transition and age at menopause.

Main Methods:

  • Review of sociodemographic, morphometric, and endocrine factors associated with menopause timing.
  • Assessment of the predictive accuracy of these factors.
  • Consideration of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) measurements.

Main Results:

  • Sociodemographic, morphometric, and endocrine factors show low sensitivity and specificity for predicting menopause.
  • Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, particularly with chronological age, show some predictive value.

Conclusions:

  • Currently, no consistently reliable methods exist to predict the exact timing of menopause.
  • Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) testing offers the most promising approach for predicting menopause, especially when combined with chronological age.
  • Further research may refine predictive models for menopausal transition.