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Exploration of severe Covid-19 associated risk factor in China: Meta-analysis of current evidence

Yun-Jing Zhang1, Xi-Feng Sun1, Bing Xie2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China.

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|September 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Older age, male sex, and comorbidities like hypertension increase severe Covid-19 risk. Dyspnea and specific chest CT findings also indicate higher severity, aiding clinical differentiation.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to significant global health challenges.
  • Understanding risk factors for severe disease is crucial for patient management and resource allocation.

Approach:

  • This meta-analysis systematically reviewed 14 studies involving 2566 COVID-19 patients (771 severe, 1795 non-severe).
  • Key clinical, demographic, comorbidity, laboratory, and radiological features were analyzed to identify differences between severe and non-severe cases.

Key Points:

  • Older age and male sex were associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19.
  • Pre-existing conditions including hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and COPD significantly elevated susceptibility to severe illness.
  • Dyspnea was a common symptom in severe cases, alongside depressed total lymphocytes.
  • Specific chest CT findings such as reticulation, intrathoracic lymph node enlargement, and pleural effusions, though infrequent, correlated with severe COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Significant clinical and demographic disparities exist between severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients.
  • Identifying these risk factors aids clinicians in distinguishing patients at higher risk for severe outcomes.
  • This knowledge can inform targeted interventions and improve clinical decision-making for COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

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