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Natural Killer Cell Enteropathy With Extraintestinal Involvement: Presenting as Symptomatic Anemia
Manas Kumar Panigrahi1, Susama Patra2, Chandan Kumar1
1Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
ACG Case Reports Journal
|September 22, 2021
Summary
Natural killer (NK) cell enteropathy is a benign gastrointestinal condition with atypical NK cell proliferation. Recognizing this indolent disease is crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate aggressive treatments.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Natural killer (NK) cell enteropathy is a recently identified condition.
- It involves the abnormal proliferation of NK cells in the gastrointestinal tract.
- The condition exhibits benign behavior and a slow-progressing clinical course.
Observation:
- A case study of a young adult male with vague upper gastrointestinal symptoms and anemia is presented.
- The patient required blood transfusions due to anemia.
- The patient's condition closely resembled NK/T-cell lymphoma.
Findings:
- The patient showed a positive response to budesonide therapy.
- This response suggests a potential low-grade autoimmune process as the underlying cause.
- NK cell enteropathy is characterized by atypical NK cell proliferation.
Implications:
- Accurate identification of NK cell enteropathy is vital.
- It helps avoid unnecessary, aggressive diagnostic procedures and treatments.
- Understanding its benign and self-limiting nature prevents overtreatment.
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