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Diagnostic errors: Under-appreciated, under-reported and under-researched
1The Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical, Hebrew University and Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
International Journal of Clinical Practice
|September 22, 2021
Summary
Diagnostic errors are common, affecting 10%-15% of patients and causing significant harm. Improving diagnostic accuracy requires addressing physician, patient, and illness factors through system and individual approaches.
Area of Science:
- Medical error analysis
- Patient safety research
- Healthcare quality improvement
Background:
- Diagnostic errors receive less attention than treatment errors, despite significant prevalence (10%-15%).
- These errors are linked to increased patient mortality and permanent disability.
- Physicians may underestimate diagnostic fallibility due to complex interacting factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the prevalence and impact of diagnostic errors.
- To present new insights into the causes of misdiagnosis.
- To propose strategies for enhancing diagnostic accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing research on diagnostic errors.
- Analysis of physician, patient, and illness factors contributing to misdiagnosis.
- Synthesis of system-level and individual-level improvement strategies.
Main Results:
- Diagnostic errors remain a prevalent issue across all healthcare settings.
- Despite advanced diagnostics, misdiagnosis persists due to multifactorial causes.
- Research on diagnostic errors is challenging but ongoing.
Conclusions:
- Diagnostic errors represent a critical patient safety concern.
- Systemic and individual interventions are essential to improve diagnostic accuracy.
- Further research is needed to optimize diagnostic processes and reduce errors.
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