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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

27.1K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

14.8K
Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
14.8K
Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

19.1K
It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
19.1K
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

4.1K
The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
4.1K
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.5K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.5K
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

13.8K
Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
13.8K

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A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Chirality-Induced Propagation Velocity Asymmetry.

Diego A Hoff1, Luis G C Rego2

  • 1Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, Santa Catarina 89815-899, Brazil.

Nano Letters
|September 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Electron propagation in helical nanowires shows velocity asymmetry due to spin-orbit interaction and chirality. This spin-dependent effect influences electron movement, impacting future spintronic devices.

Keywords:
electron transporthelicitymolecular nanowirespin selectivityspin−orbit coupling

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Quantum Mechanics

Background:

  • Helical nanowires exhibit unique spin-dependent electron propagation properties.
  • Spin-orbit interaction is crucial in understanding electron behavior in chiral materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate spin-dependent electron propagation in helical nanowires.
  • Analyze the influence of nanowire chirality and spin-orbit interaction on electron velocity.
  • Examine the connection to chiral-induced spin selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic tight-binding model incorporating spin-orbit interaction.
  • Derivation of the continuity equation for spin-dependent probability density.
  • Quantum dynamics calculations for electron propagation.

Main Results:

  • Spin-orbit interaction and nanowire chirality create velocity asymmetry for left/right propagating electrons.
  • Demonstrated a microscopic model for spin-dependent electron dynamics.
  • Applied calculations to the quasi-1D semiconductor SnIP.

Conclusions:

  • Velocity asymmetry arises from the interplay of spin, chirality, and spin-orbit interaction.
  • The findings have general validity beyond the specific material studied.
  • The study provides insights into the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect.