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Related Concept Videos

Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

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Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
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Strain Energy01:13

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Strain energy is a fundamental concept in the field of materials science and structural engineering, describing the energy absorbed by a material or structure when it is deformed under load.
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True Stress and True Strain01:28

True Stress and True Strain

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Engineering stress is calculated as the load divided by the original, undeformed cross-sectional area. It approximates a material under load. This approximation is especially relevant post-yield in ductile materials. Though engineering stress-strain diagrams are often used for their convenience and accessibility, they can sometimes fall short in accuracy, particularly when dealing with large strain values.
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Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

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A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This...
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Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

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Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
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Castigliano's Theorem01:18

Castigliano's Theorem

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Castigliano's theorem analyzes displacements and rotations in elastic structures. It relates the derivative of elastic strain energy to the applied forces or moments, allowing for the calculation of deformations. The theorem states that the partial derivative of the total strain energy of a system with respect to a specific load results in the displacement at the point where the load is applied. This principle applies to both forces and moments.
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Digitally connected work and its consequences for strain - a systematic review.

Sabrina Zolg1, Barbara Heiden2, Britta Herbig2

  • 1Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemsensstr.5, 80336, Munich, Germany. sabrina.zolg@med.uni-muenchen.de.

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Digitization impacts employee health, with cognitive demands being a key work factor. Future research should combine subjective and objective methods for a complete health and well-being assessment.

Keywords:
DigitalizationStrainSystematic reviewWork

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Digital Transformation
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Digitalization significantly impacts work organization and employee health.
  • New technologies and work restructuring can lead to employee stress and health impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify working conditions linked to digitally connected work.
  • Analyze the relationship between these conditions and employee health and well-being outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across six databases (May-Oct 2019).
  • Included German and English texts using the PEO scheme.
  • Methodological quality assessed with the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Design.

Main Results:

  • 14 studies identified, mostly from the 1980s/90s, despite searching for recent technologies.
  • Categorization introduced: work factors (cognitive, social, organizational, environmental) and health factors (motivation/satisfaction, well-being, physiological parameters).
  • Cognitive demands were the most frequent work factor; motivation/satisfaction was the most frequent health factor, with 475 associations found.

Conclusions:

  • The review covers work and health factors from 1981-2019.
  • Recent studies focus on individualized health factors, unlike older studies using objective workplace analysis.
  • Future research should integrate both subjective and objective approaches for a comprehensive understanding.