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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

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Thermal Imaging Following Exercise in Working Dogs.

Calan M Farley1,2, Patricia Kaynaroglu1, Donna Magness1

  • 1Penn Vet Working Dog Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|September 23, 2021
PubMed
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This study compared muscle thermal changes in disaster search dogs during treadmill versus rubble search exercises. Findings suggest similar muscle thermal gradients (ΔT) between both activities after 14 weeks of training.

Area of Science:

  • Canine Sports Medicine
  • Veterinary Thermography
  • Search and Rescue (SAR) Dog Training

Background:

  • Disaster search dogs operate on unstable surfaces, requiring specific physical conditioning.
  • The muscle activation patterns during treadmill conditioning versus actual rubble search remain unclear.
  • Understanding muscle engagement is crucial for optimizing SAR dog training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in thermal gradients of specific canine muscles after treadmill versus rubble search exercises.
  • To compare muscle thermal responses between two distinct types of physical conditioning in SAR dogs.

Main Methods:

  • A 14-week prospective cohort study involving nine dogs (6 months to 4 years old) randomly assigned to treadmill or rubble search groups.
Keywords:
canine sports medicineconditioningmusclerubble searchthermal imagingtreadmill

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  • Weekly 20-minute exercise sessions (treadmill or rubble search) following a standardized warm-up.
  • Infrared thermography captured pre- and post-exercise images of 22 muscle regions to calculate temperature difference (ΔT).
  • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant difference in muscle thermal gradients (ΔT) was found between treadmill and rubble search activities.
    • A general decrease in ΔT was observed across most muscle regions over the study period, indicating adaptation.
    • Specific muscle regions showed significant decreases in ΔT for the rubble search group, suggesting differential engagement.

    Conclusions:

    • Muscle thermal gradients in SAR dogs appear similar between treadmill exercise and rubble search.
    • Structured, consistent training over 14 weeks, regardless of exercise type, led to reduced thermal differentials (ΔT).
    • Findings support the use of treadmill conditioning as a comparable method for preparing SAR dogs for rubble search demands.