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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

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Inguinal hernia repair: a global perspective.

James O'Brien1, Sankar Sinha1, Richard Turner1

  • 1College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

ANZ Journal of Surgery
|September 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

For inguinal hernia repair in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), open-mesh procedures using sterilized mosquito nets under local anesthesia are the most cost-beneficial. This approach offers a practical and affordable solution for widespread implementation.

Keywords:
general surgeryinguinal hernialow- middle-income countries

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Global Health Equity
  • Cost-Effectiveness in Healthcare

Background:

  • Inguinal hernia repair is a globally prevalent surgical procedure, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Limited research exists on cost-beneficial hernia repair methods specifically for LMICs, unlike resource-rich nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and identify the most cost-beneficial inguinal hernia repair methods suitable for LMICs.
  • To compare the efficacy, cost, and patient outcomes of different surgical techniques and mesh materials.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of English literature was performed using PubMed and Scopus, adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Included 28 studies: 17 randomized controlled trials and 11 systematic reviews.
  • Investigated operative methods and mesh types for inguinal hernia repair.

Main Results:

  • Open-mesh procedures demonstrated lower costs and shorter operative times compared to laparoscopic methods.
  • Laparoscopic repair led to earlier return to normal activities, but complication rates were similar for both methods.
  • Sterilized synthetic mosquito netting proved comparable to specialized meshes, significantly reducing costs.

Conclusions:

  • The most cost-beneficial method for inguinal hernia repair in LMICs involves open-mesh procedures using sterilized mosquito netting under local anesthesia.
  • Further cost-benefit research is recommended to validate and refine this approach for widespread adoption.