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Reconstituting the genus Mycobacterium.

Conor J Meehan1,2, Roman A Barco3, Yong-Hwee E Loh4

  • 1BCCM/ITM Mycobacterial Culture Collection, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
|September 23, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The genus Mycobacterium should remain a single entity, not split into five new genera. This study supports retaining the original Mycobacterium genus to avoid clinical confusion with important pathogens.

Keywords:
Mycobacteriumgenomegenus

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Taxonomy
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The genus Mycobacterium, encompassing significant pathogens, faces proposed reclassification into five distinct genera.
  • This taxonomic debate impacts species nomenclature and understanding of evolutionary relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the validity of splitting the Mycobacterium genus into five new genera.
  • To determine if the original genus boundaries are robust against proposed changes.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis using 16S rRNA gene similarity.
  • Assessment of amino acid identity index and average nucleotide identity.
  • Evaluation of alignment fraction and percentage of conserved proteins to define genus boundaries.

Main Results:

  • Multiple phylogenetic and genomic analyses strongly support the original definition of the Mycobacterium genus.
  • The proposed five-way split of the Mycobacterium genus was not supported by the data.
  • The original genus Mycobacterium demonstrates robust evolutionary and genetic coherence.

Conclusions:

  • The original Mycobacterium genus should be maintained to prevent confusion in clinical settings, adhering to the nomen periculosum rule.
  • The proposed genera may be considered for use as sub-genus complexes.
  • This taxonomic stability is crucial for accurate identification and treatment of mycobacterial infections.