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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Development of Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Primary Cultures in Monolayers and Three-Dimensional Conditions
Published on: June 13, 2025
Connecting tubules develop from the tip of the ureteric bud in the human kidney
Beatrix Sarkany1, Gyula Kovacs2,3
1Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, 7621, Hungary.
Abstract:
The connecting tubule (CNT) is a unique segment of the nephron connecting the metanephric mesenchyme (MM)-derived distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and ureteric bud (UB)-derived collecting duct (CD). Views on the cellular origin of the CNT in the human kidney are controversial. It was suggested that in mice, the connecting segment arises from the distal compartment of the renal vesicle (RV). However, there are several differences in embryonic development between the mouse and human kidney. The aim of our study was to establish the possible origin of the CNT in the human kidney. We analysed the expression of markers defining distinct cells of the CNT CD in foetal and adult human kidneys by immunohistochemistry. Based on microscopic observation, we suggest that CNT differentiates from the outgrowth of cells of the UB tip, and therefore the CNT is an integral part of the CD system. In the adult kidney, the CNT and CD consist of functionally and morphologically similar cells expressing α- and β-intercalated cell (IC) and principal cell (PC) markers, indicating their common origin.
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