Shelter-housed versus re-homed dogs: Adjustment, behavior, and adoption outcomes

The study aimed to determine whether re-homing dogs decreased the expression of unwanted behaviors and thereby increasing adoption success. The study looked at adoptions' outcome regarding house training, prevalence of behaviors indicative of separation anxiety, and the dogs' adjustment to their new homes.

Owners of 27 dogs that were adopted directly from their previous family into a new home and owners of 25 dogs adopted from a shelter completed a questionnaire through a telephone interview. Owners were asked to report the dog's behavior as they recalled it, about a week from adoption and at the time of the interview.

A significant difference between the two groups was apparent only in the house-training parameter during the interview. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the prevalence of behaviors associated with separation anxiety. Re-homed dogs seemed less likely to exhibit behaviors indicative of separation anxiety and at a lower frequency level, but these differences were not significant. A dog's behavior did not necessarily predict the owner's perception of the dog's adjustment to its new home. Receiving information about the dog, being an experienced owner, and counseling with professional help, did not affect the owners' rating of their dogs' adjustment as well.

The difference between the two groups in the house-training parameter during the interview was expected, since the re-homed group had lived in homes with people and the shelter group had lived in a shelter prior to adoption. The causation and manifestation of separation anxiety are complex and could be affected by many variables, such as age, gender, the dog's history, owner's behavior, environment, owner's lifestyle, the dog-owner relationship, and advice during adoption. This complexity might account for the lack of differences between the two groups. Perhaps, the best explanation for the results regarding adjustment to the new home variable is that this factor is subjective and is associated with owner expectation and perception of the ideal dog versus the actual behavior of the dog.