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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

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Artificial night light alters ecosystem services provided by biotic components.

Rajesh K Singhal1, Jyoti Chauhan2, Hanuman S Jatav3,4

  • 1ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India.

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|September 23, 2021
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Summary

Artificial light at night (ALAN) accelerates global biodiversity and ecosystem service loss by disrupting ecological processes and altering habitats. Minimizing light pollution is crucial for ecosystem health and mitigating climate change impacts.

Keywords:
ALAN (artificial light at night)Biodiversity lossesEcosystem servicesTerrestrial ecosystem

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Growing human populations exacerbate biodiversity and ecosystem service loss.
  • Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a widespread pollutant with far-reaching ecological consequences.
  • ALAN intensifies climate change through greenhouse gas emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted impacts of ALAN on ecosystems and their components.
  • To highlight ALAN's role in biodiversity loss across terrestrial and aquatic environments.
  • To summarize strategies for mitigating ALAN pollution.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing research on ALAN's ecological effects.
  • Analysis of ALAN's influence on biodiversity at multiple organizational levels (individual to biome).
  • Examination of ALAN's disruption of diurnal signaling and ecosystem services.

Main Results:

  • ALAN modulates species abundance, aggregation, and interactions, impacting population and landscape structures.
  • Disruption of diurnal rhythms affects physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes.
  • ALAN alters abiotic ecosystem components and contributes to global warming.

Conclusions:

  • ALAN significantly degrades ecosystem structure and function, impacting both living and non-living elements.
  • Urgent implementation of ALAN minimization strategies is necessary to protect ecosystems.
  • Reducing light pollution is vital for conserving biodiversity and mitigating climate change.