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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes
Published on: February 14, 2020
Cobalt-induced retrotransposon polymorphism and humic acid protection on maize genome
Esma Yigider1, Mahmut Sinan Taspinar2, Murat Aydin1
1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Abstract:
Retrotransposon activity and genomic template stability (GTS) are one of the most significant rearranging mechanisms in environmental stress. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to elucidate effecting of Cobalt (Co) on the instability of genomes and Long Terminal Repeat retrotransposon polymorphism in Zea mays and whether humic acid (HA) has any role on these parameters. For this purpose, Retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism (REMAP) and Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) markers were applied to evaluate retrotransposon polymorphism and the GTS levels. It was found that IRAP and REMAP primers generate unique polymorphic band structures on maize plants treated with various doses of Co. Retrotransposon polymorphism increased and GTS decreased while increasing Co concentration. On the other hand, there was a reduction in negative effects of Co on retrotransposon GTS and polymorphism after treatment with HA. The results indicate that HA may be used effectively for the protection of maize seedlings from the destructive effects of Co toxicity.
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