Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

758
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
758
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

890
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
890
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

3.5K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.5K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

2.9K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.9K
Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

3.9K
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
3.9K
Integrins01:10

Integrins

4.3K
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Fibroblasts: a diverse population of cells balancing homeostasis, wound healing, regeneration, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer across organs.

JCI insight·2026
Same author

Boosting Biomedical Research Capacity: The Role of INBRE-Supported Core Facility Vouchers in IDeA States.

Journal of biomolecular techniques : JBT·2026
Same author

AEGIS reveals epitope- and clone-resolved convergence of CNS B and T cell autoreactivity in ROHHAD.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Circulating CTHRC1 levels are associated with IPF disease severity and survival.

Thorax·2026
Same author

Lung adventitial fibroblasts support type 2 Tregs to shape the response to influenza infection.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

PIK3CA mutant cervical cancer is selectively suppressed by PI3Kα inhibition (Alpelisib/BYL-719 and Inavolisib/GDC-0077) and cooperates with HPV directed T cell therapy.

Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms in PCO and Fibrosis Following Cataract Surgery
05:19

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms in PCO and Fibrosis Following Cataract Surgery

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.3K

αVβ8 integrin targeting to prevent posterior capsular opacification.

Mahbubul H Shihan1, Samuel G Novo1, Yan Wang1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.

JCI Insight
|September 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO). Targeting αVβ8 integrin, a key regulator of TGF-β activation by lens epithelial cells, shows promise for PCO prevention and treatment.

Keywords:
Cell BiologyDrug therapyFibrosisOphthalmology

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Visual Outcomes in Cataract Surgery: A Novel Technique to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification Through IOL Rotation
04:59

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Visual Outcomes in Cataract Surgery: A Novel Technique to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification Through IOL Rotation

Published on: July 7, 2023

2.6K
Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique
08:25

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique

Published on: June 2, 2016

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms in PCO and Fibrosis Following Cataract Surgery
05:19

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms in PCO and Fibrosis Following Cataract Surgery

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.3K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Visual Outcomes in Cataract Surgery: A Novel Technique to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification Through IOL Rotation
04:59

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Visual Outcomes in Cataract Surgery: A Novel Technique to Prevent Posterior Capsular Opacification Through IOL Rotation

Published on: July 7, 2023

2.6K
Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique
08:25

Circumscribed Capsular Infarct Modeling Using a Photothrombotic Technique

Published on: June 2, 2016

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Integrin Signaling

Background:

  • Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is a significant complication following cataract surgery.
  • Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is a known driver of fibrotic PCO.
  • The specific αV integrin heterodimer mediating TGF-β-induced PCO remained unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the functional αV integrin heterodimer involved in TGF-β-mediated PCO.
  • To investigate the role of β8 integrin in the fibrotic response of lens epithelial cells (LCs) post-cataract surgery (PCS).
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting αVβ8 integrin for PCO.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of β8 integrin-conditional knockout (β8ITG-cKO) mice and β5/β6 integrin-null mice.
  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of LCs at 24 hours PCS.
  • In vivo treatment with active TGF-β1 or an anti-αVβ8 integrin blocking antibody.

Main Results:

  • β8ITG-cKO LCs exhibited attenuated fibrotic responses, unlike β5/β6 integrin-null LCs.
  • RNA-Seq showed reduced upregulation of integrins, ligands, and TGF-β targets in β8ITG-cKO LCs.
  • Anti-αVβ8 antibody treatment ameliorated TGF-β signaling and fibrotic responses, with significant reversal when administered post-induction.

Conclusions:

  • αVβ8 integrin is a critical regulator of TGF-β activation by LCs in the context of PCO.
  • Targeting αVβ8 integrin represents a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating fibrotic PCO.