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Is the Indian Dietary Pattern Associated WithType 2 Diabetes? A Pan-India Randomized Cluster Sample Study.
Raghuram Nagarathna1, Akshay Anand2,3,4, Sapna Nanda3
1Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA), Kempegowda Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Annals of Neurosciences
|September 24, 2021
Summary
Dietary habits significantly impact diabetes management. Consuming milk, meat, less fiber, and fewer fruits are linked to higher blood glucose levels. Junk food also correlates with diabetes and hypertension.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a significant lifestyle disorder with strong associations with neurodegenerative diseases.
- Maintaining optimal glycemic status is crucial and depends heavily on diet and physical activity.
- Existing research highlights the intricate relationship between dietary habits and their impact on diabetes prevalence and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between various dietary factors and glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- To examine the correlation of dietary habits with lipid profiles in a large, nationwide cohort.
- To analyze the impact of specific food consumption on glycemic control and metabolic health markers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from a pan-India multicentered cluster randomized controlled study involving 17,285 individuals.
- Dietary factors of 12,500 participants were analyzed, with 54% males and 60% from urban areas.
- Statistical analysis focused on identifying significant associations between dietary intake and health parameters.
Main Results:
- Frequent consumption of milk (OR=7.180) and meat (OR=6.81) showed a strong positive association with fasting blood glucose.
- Low intake of fiber (OR=17.77) and fruits (OR=14.71) were significantly linked to elevated fasting blood glucose levels.
- Meat (OR=22.82) and milk (OR=17.19) consumption were positively associated with postprandial blood glucose in diabetic individuals. Junk food consumption correlated with known diabetes (OR=1.345) and hypertension (OR=1.247).
Conclusions:
- Dietary patterns including milk, meat, low fiber, low fruit, and junk food consumption significantly influence glycemic status.
- These dietary factors also demonstrate a notable effect on cholesterol levels and the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes and hypertension.
- Findings underscore the importance of dietary modifications for managing diabetes and related comorbidities.
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