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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...

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Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

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Molecular Heterogeneity in Localized Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Wei Qin¹, Di Fu¹, Qing Shi¹

¹Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Oncology

|September 24, 2021

Summary

Localized diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with single nodal or extranodal involvement shows distinct molecular features but similar survival outcomes. Personalized treatment strategies may benefit from considering specific genetic and microenvironmental factors.

Keywords:

diffuse large B-cell lymphoma gene mutations serum lactate dehydrogenase single extranodal single nodal tumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Immunology

Background:

Localized diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtypes with single nodal (SN) or single extranodal (SE) involvement require further characterization in the rituximab era.
Understanding the clinical and molecular differences between SN and SE DLBCL is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the clinical, molecular, and immunophenotypic characteristics of localized DLBCL with SN versus SE involvement.
To identify prognostic factors influencing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this patient population.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 181 patients and a phase 3 trial (NHL-001) of 108 patients with localized DLBCL.
Comprehensive genomic profiling (DNA/RNA sequencing) and immunophenotyping on subsets of patients to assess genetic aberrations, gene expression, and tumor microenvironment.

Main Results:

SE patients exhibited a higher proportion of low-intermediate risk by National Comprehensive Cancer Network-International Prognostic Index (NCCN-IPI).
SN DLBCL showed increased MPEG1 mutations, while SE DLBCL displayed TGF-β pathway activation and suppressed T-cell receptor signaling, indicating an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Extranodal involvement did not impact PFS or OS; elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and ATM mutations were adverse prognostic factors for OS and PFS, respectively.

Conclusions:

Localized DLBCL with SN or SE involvement has distinct molecular profiles but comparable survival outcomes.
Prognosis is generally favorable, but specific clinical, genetic, and immune microenvironment factors warrant consideration for personalized therapeutic approaches.