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Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

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Cell activity modulation and its specific function maintenance by bioinspired electromechanical nanogenerator.

Tong Li¹, Chuanmei Shi¹, Fei Jin¹

¹School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China.

Science Advances

|September 24, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel bio-nanogenerator using piezoelectric fibers to mimic the extracellular matrix. This device provides electrical stimulation, enhancing cell development and function in a 3D environment.

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Revealing Electromechanical Control of Tissue Homeostasis Using a Two-Layer Microfluidic Device

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Published on: September 19, 2025

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Cell Biology

Background:

Extracellular matrix (ECM) biophysical cues, including 3D structure and bioelectricity, are critical for cell behavior.
Existing 2D cell culture systems lack physiological relevance, while animal models are costly and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an electromechanical coupling bio-nanogenerator (bio-NG) that mimics ECM biophysical characteristics.
To provide in situ electrical stimulation for cells using inherent cellular forces.
To create an ECM-like 3D microenvironment for improved cell culture.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a bio-nanogenerator (bio-NG) using discrete piezoelectric fibers.
Utilizing cell-generated force to induce surface piezopotential for electrical stimulation.
Culturing cells within the 3D structure of the bio-NG to provide an ECM-like environment.

Main Results:

The bio-NG generated millivolt-level surface piezopotential from cellular forces.
Cells cultured on the bio-NG exhibited enhanced viability and development.
Specific cellular functional expression was maintained within the bio-NG system.

Conclusions:

The developed bio-NG effectively mimics ECM biophysical cues, offering a 3D growth microenvironment.
In situ electrical stimulation from the bio-NG promotes cell viability, development, and function.
This technology offers a promising alternative to current in vitro and in vivo models for studying cell behavior.