Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Predicts Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Inflammation Research
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Delayed cerebral vasospasm is a significant complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
• Identifying early predictors of vasospasm is critical for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between the systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index and the occurrence of delayed cerebral vasospasm in SAH patients.
• To determine if the SII index serves as an independent predictor of vasospasm post-SAH.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 246 SAH patients, assessing for angiographic or sonographic evidence of vasospasm.
• Calculation of the SII index [(neutrophils × platelets/lymphocytes)/1000] from admission laboratory data.
• Utilized multivariable logistic regression and ROC analysis to evaluate the predictive capability of the SII index.

Main Results:

• A significantly higher admission SII index was observed in patients who developed vasospasm (P < .001).
• The SII index was identified as an independent predictor of vasospasm, even after adjusting for confounding factors (OR 1.386, P = .003).
• Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated the SII index's accuracy in distinguishing between patients with and without vasospasm (AUC = 0.767, P < .001).

Conclusions:

• Early elevation of the SII index is a reliable independent predictor of delayed cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal SAH.
• The SII index offers a valuable tool for risk stratification and early identification of patients susceptible to vasospasm.