Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Radical Formation: Homolysis

Radical Formation: Homolysis

A bond is formed between two atoms by sharing two electrons. When this bond is broken by supplying sufficient energy, either two electrons can be taken up by one atom forming ions by the cleavage called heterolysis, or the two electrons are shared by two atoms, with one each creating radicals by the cleavage called homolysis.

Machines

Machines

Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. One example of a machine is the cutting plier, which is used to cut wires by applying forces to its handles. When equal and opposite forces are exerted on the handles of the cutting plier, they cause the cutting edges to come together and apply equal and opposite reaction forces on the wire, which are greater than the applied forces.
A free-body diagram of the...

Chemical Bonds

Chemical Bonds

Atoms participate in a chemical bond formation to acquire a completed valence-shell electron configuration similar to that of the noble gas nearest to it in atomic number. Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds are some of the important types of chemical bonds. Bond energy and bond length determine the strength of a chemical bond.
Types of Chemical Bonds
An ionic bond is formed due to electrostatic attraction between cations and anions. Often, the ions are formed by the transfer of electrons...

Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy

Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy

Bond energy is the energy required to break a bond homolytically. These values are usually expressed in units of kcal/mol or kJ/mol and are referred to as bond dissociation energies when given for specific bonds or average bond energies when indicated for a given type of bond over many compounds. Firstly, the bond dissociation energy for a single bond is weaker than that of a double bond, which in turn is weaker than that of a triple bond. Secondly, hydrogen forms relatively strong bonds with...

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.

Machines: Problem Solving II

Machines: Problem Solving II

Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. Consider a lifting tong carrying a 100 kg load. It comprises movable sections DAF and CBG linked together with member AB.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Efficacy of Integrating Problem-Based Learning with the BOPPPS Six-Step Methodology in Endocrinology Clinical Instruction.

Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre·2026

Same author

Directionally Locked Heteroepitaxy with a Structurally Modulated van der Waals Material.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Adsorption and Sulfur-Selective Photooxidation of Cysteine on Anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>(101).

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

ERO1L induces macrophage infiltration to potentiate Kras<sup>G12D</sup> and inflammation-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis via oxidative protein folding of CCL2.

Cell & bioscience·2026

Same author

Correction to "Combining Density Functional Embedding Theory and DMRG-NEVPT2 to Treat Large Active Spaces: Addressing Electronic Structure Complexity in Single-Atom Alloys".

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026

Same author

Ion Distribution and Cation Exchange at Mica-Electrolyte Interfaces Probed with Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics.

Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Interplay between oxygen redox and interfacial stability of Li-rich positive electrodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Breaking dependence on melanisation imparts diversity to a dogmatic invasion strategy of phytopathogenic fungi.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Hydroxyl-rich nanocavities on perovskite enable nearly barrierless intramolecular hydrogen transfer for nitrate electroreduction to ammonia.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Household mobility responses to weather extremes in Kyrgyzstan.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Autonomous Motion Vision with Tri-bulk-heterojunctioned Organic Adaptation Transistor.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Tissue-adhesive hydrogel optical fiber for peripheral optogenetic neuromodulation.

Nature communications·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy

Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy

Published on: July 1, 2021

Breaking a dative bond with mechanical forces.

Pengcheng Chen¹, Dingxin Fan², Yunlong Zhang³

¹Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.

Nature Communications

|September 25, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to break a single dative bond between carbon monoxide and ferrous phthalocyanine. This study quantitatively measured the mechanical forces required, revealing insights into chemical bond rupture dynamics.

More Related Videos

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Published on: April 25, 2020

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Published on: May 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy

Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy

Published on: July 1, 2021

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Published on: April 25, 2020

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Published on: May 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Chemical Physics
Surface Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Chemical reactions involve bond breaking and formation.
Non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables studying single molecular bonds.
Understanding single bond dynamics is crucial for chemical reaction mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To detail the breaking process of a single dative bond using non-contact AFM.
To quantitatively measure and characterize the mechanical forces involved in bond rupture.
To investigate the role of experimental and computational methods in understanding bond breaking.

Main Methods:

Utilizing non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) to apply mechanical forces.
Experimentally rupturing the dative bond between carbon monoxide and ferrous phthalocyanine.
Employing quantum-based simulations for theoretical characterization.

Main Results:

The dative bond was successfully ruptured by AFM tip forces.
Attractive forces of ~150 pN and repulsive forces of ~220 pN were measured.
Significant contribution of shear forces and accompanying spin state changes were observed.

Conclusions:

Combined experimental and computational studies provide a comprehensive understanding of single dative bond breaking.
Mechanical forces, including shear, play a critical role in chemical bond rupture.
This work offers insights into the fundamental processes governing chemical reactions at the single-molecule level.