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The arbitrium system controls prophage induction.

Aisling Brady1, Nuria Quiles-Puchalt1, Francisca Gallego Del Sol2

  • 1Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|September 25, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The arbitrium system in Bacillus subtilis SPβ prophage regulates phage life cycles. While not essential in labs, this peptide communication system enhances phage survival and reproduction in natural environments.

Keywords:
AimPAimRSOS responseSPβ phagesbacteriophagelysislysis/lysogenylysogenyphi3Trepressor

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Bacteriophages infecting Bacillus utilize the arbitrium system for lysis-lysogeny decision-making.
  • This peptide-based communication involves AimP and AimR, influencing aimX expression.
  • Previous studies characterized this system in phage phi3T, but its role in SPβ prophage was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the arbitrium system in the Bacillus subtilis SPβ prophage life cycle.
  • To identify new regulatory components involved in the SPβ lysis-lysogeny decision.

Main Methods:

  • Gene deletion experiments (aimP, aimR) in SPβ prophage.
  • Analysis of phage reproduction and particle production post-induction.
  • Identification of novel regulatory proteins (YopN, YopR) and their operon.

Main Results:

  • Deletion of aimP increased phage reproduction, while aimR deletion reduced phage particle production.
  • AimR is part of a complex regulatory network including newly identified YopN and YopR proteins.
  • The identified YopN-YopR operon is conserved in SPβ-like phages with arbitrium systems.

Conclusions:

  • The arbitrium system is crucial for normal SPβ prophage induction and regulates phage fitness.
  • While not essential in laboratory conditions, the system optimizes phage particle production and host survival for ecological persistence.
  • The arbitrium system, along with YopN and YopR, represents a conserved strategy for phage survival in nature.