Learning experiences of game-based educational intervention in nursing students: A systematic mixed-studies review

To meet the evolving needs of today's nursing students and the demand for 21st century skills in modern healthcare, game-based learning has received increasing attention. It can improve learning outcomes, while enhancing learning experiences by promoting engagement and motivation.

To explore the learning experiences of using game-based education in nursing students.

Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Scopus were searched from inception till January 2021.

Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies were included, involving the use of games for education among nursing students. Both published and unpublished studies in English language without restrictions to the year of publication. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool. Data synthesis used a convergent synthesis approach. Narrative synthesis was used for quantitative findings and thematic synthesis for qualitative findings. A result-based convergent synthesis was adopted to integrate both results.

A total of 53 studies were included among 4612 nursing students across 16 countries. These included 32 quantitative studies, 7 qualitative studies, and 14 mixed-methods studies, with methodological quality ranging from low to high. The findings from this review demonstrate that game-based education interventions can enhance nursing students' learning experiences. Three themes emerged from both quantitative and qualitative syntheses: 1) motivators of learning, 2) facilitators of engagement, and 3) affective response.

Game-based education is promising in promoting positive learning experiences among nursing students. This can better inform educators and healthcare leaders when considering gaming as an alternative education approach in motivating and engaging students in learning. Future research should provide greater focus on examining the use of specific games under similar contexts.