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Carcinogenic agents in snuff.

D Hoffmann, N H Harley, I Fisenne

    Journal of the National Cancer Institute
    |March 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Oral snuff use increases oral and pharyngeal cancer risk. Analysis revealed high levels of carcinogens, including tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) and polonium-210, necessitating their reduction in snuff products.

    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Oncology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Oral snuff use is linked to increased oral and pharyngeal cancer.
    • Snuff contains various harmful chemical compounds.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify key carcinogens in popular U.S. snuff brands.
    • To assess the levels of alkaloids, N-nitrosamines, benzo[a]pyrene, and polonium-210.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of five leading U.S. snuff brands.
    • Quantification of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA), polonium-210, benzo[a]pyrene, and alkaloids.

    Main Results:

    • TSNA levels ranged from 9,600 to 289,000 ppb, significantly exceeding other consumer products.
    • Polonium-210 content was 0.16-1.22 pCi/g dry snuff.

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  • Benzo[a]pyrene (0.1-63 ppb) indicated contamination from curing processes.

    • Conclusions:

    • Snuff contains high concentrations of carcinogens, particularly TSNA and polonium-210.
    • Findings support the need to reduce these carcinogens in snuff.
    • Further research into snuff's biological activity and epidemiological links to cancer is warranted.