Computational study for temperature distribution in ArF excimer laser corneal refractive surgeries using different...

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Laser Physics

Background:

• Refractive errors are a leading cause of vision impairment globally.
• Laser refractive surgery is common, but complications like over/under-correction and dry eye occur in ~10.5% of patients.
• Elevated tissue temperature during surgery may contribute to these complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify the temperature increase in the cornea during laser refractive surgery.
• To investigate the relationship between surgical techniques, laser parameters, and corneal heating.
• To assess the potential thermal risks associated with laser refractive surgery.

Main Methods:

• A finite element model was developed to simulate corneal temperature distribution.
• The Pennes bio-heat equation was employed to predict temperature changes.
• Simulations were performed for ArF excimer laser ablation using broad beam, scanning slit, and flying spot delivery systems.

Main Results:

• The maximum temperature increase was calculated for specific laser parameters and ablation depths.
• Peak temperatures reached [Formula: see text] for a single pulse, with a duration of [Formula: see text].
• Despite short peak durations, thermal energy exchange occurs, potentially causing collagen denaturation and evaporation.

Conclusions:

• Corneal heating during laser refractive surgery is a potential risk factor for complications.
• Understanding thermal dynamics is crucial for optimizing surgical techniques and minimizing adverse outcomes.
• Further research into thermal effects can improve patient safety and surgical precision.