A renal angiomyolipoma with a challenging presentation: a case report

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Nephrology
• Oncology

Background:

• Renal angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor comprising fat, smooth muscle, and blood vessels.
• It accounts for 1-3% of all solid renal tumors.
• Despite its benign nature, it can exhibit aggressive local extension.

Observation:

• A 41-year-old woman presented with right lower back pain.
• Imaging revealed a heterogeneous renal mass with a venous thrombus extending to the right atrium.
• The patient underwent radical nephrectomy with extracorporeal circulation.

Findings:

• Histologic examination confirmed renal angiomyolipoma.
• The surgical procedure successfully managed the venous thrombus.
• The postoperative recovery was uneventful.

Implications:

• Renal angiomyolipoma, though benign, can cause life-threatening complications like hemorrhage and local invasion.
• Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing complex cases.
• Surgery remains the primary treatment modality for renal angiomyolipoma.