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Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
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Dixanthylurea (N, N'-di-9H-Xanthen-9-ylurea).

C R Hubbard1, A D Mighell1, Alexander J Fatiadi1

  • 1National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234.

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)
|September 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The crystal structure of dixanthylurea was determined, revealing a distorted molecule forming hydrogen-bonded chains. This compound is significant for its application in the analytical determination of urea.

Keywords:
Crystal structuremolecular structuresingle crystal x-ray diffractionstandard testurea complexurea in sera

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Dixanthylurea is a compound with known applications in analytical chemistry.
  • Understanding its molecular structure is crucial for optimizing its use.
  • Previous structural data may be limited or require further refinement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the precise crystal structure of dixanthylurea.
  • To investigate the molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions.
  • To provide structural insights relevant to its analytical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to collect diffraction data.
  • Direct methods were used for initial structure solution.
  • Full matrix least-squares refinement was performed to R = 0.045.

Main Results:

  • The crystal structure of dixanthylurea (C27H20N2O3) was elucidated.
  • The molecule exhibits significant distortion from mirror symmetry.
  • Infinite hydrogen-bonded chains along the a-axis were observed in the crystal lattice.

Conclusions:

  • The determined crystal structure provides a detailed understanding of dixanthylurea's molecular arrangement.
  • The observed hydrogen bonding pattern may influence its chemical properties and reactivity.
  • Structural data supports its utility in the analytical determination of urea.