The Diagnostic Value of Synovial Fluid Lymphocytes in Gout Patients

This study is aimed at investigating the diagnostic value of synovial fluid cell counts in gout patients.

A total of 185 gout, 64 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 26 axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and 24 osteoarthritis (OA) patients were included in the study. According to serum uric acid (sUA) levels on attack, gout patients were divided into normal sUA gout patients and high sUA gout patients. The laboratory data were recorded. ROC curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic value of the variables for gout patients and normal sUA gout patients compared with RA, axSpA, and OA patients.

The synovial fluid white blood cell (WBC), peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), monocyte, polymorphonuclear (PMN), and neutrophil counts in gout patients were higher than those in OA patients (P < 0.05). The synovial fluid PBMC and lymphocyte counts in gout patients were lower than those in RA and axSpA patients (P < 0.05). ROC curve results showed that the AUC values of lymphocytes and sUA for gout patients were 0.728 and 0.881, respectively, which were higher than those of other variables. The optimal cutoff value of lymphocytes for gout was 1.362, with a Youden index of 0.439, a sensitivity of 83.3%, and a specificity of 60.6%. The AUC values of lymphocytes, sUA, and CRP for normal sUA gout patients were 0.694, 0.643, and 0.700, respectively, which were higher than those of other variables. The optimal cutoff value of lymphocytes for normal sUA gout patients was 1.362, with a Youden index of 0.422, a sensitivity of 81.6%, and a specificity of 60.6%.

The synovial fluid cell counts of gout patients were different from those of RA, axSpA, and OA patients. Synovial fluid lymphocytes had a higher diagnostic value for gout.