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Bioinspired microcone-array-based living biointerfaces: enhancing the anti-inflammatory effect and neuronal network

Hongxu Chen1, Lulu Wang2, Yi Lu2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical & Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, 518055 China.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|September 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bioinspired microcone-array interfaces improve neural integration for brain implants. These novel neural interfaces reduce inflammation and promote neuron network formation, enhancing long-term device reliability.

Keywords:
Nanoscale devicesNanoscale materials

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Implantable neural interfaces are crucial for treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Achieving long-term, reliable neural interfaces is challenging due to inflammatory responses.
  • Current interfaces often suffer from glial scarring and neuron loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate bioinspired microcone-array (MA) based interfaces for improved neural integration.
  • To investigate the cytocompatibility of MA structures with neurons.
  • To assess the inflammatory response and long-term performance of MA probes (MAPs) in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of microcone-array (MA) based neural interfaces.
  • In vitro culture of neuronal cells on MA structures and smooth control surfaces.
  • In vivo implantation of MA probes (MAPs) in mouse brains for 6 weeks.
  • Histological analysis to evaluate glial encapsulation and neuron viability.

Main Results:

  • MA structures promoted significantly denser neurite outgrowth compared to smooth surfaces.
  • Neurites on MA structures formed complex, interconnected networks, resembling 'creepers'.
  • Implanted MAPs showed reduced glial encapsulation and neuron loss after 6 weeks compared to smooth probes.
  • MAPs demonstrated enhanced neuron viability at the implant-neural interface.

Conclusions:

  • Bioinspired MA interfaces enhance neural integration and reduce foreign body response.
  • The specific microcone structure facilitates neuron network formation and improves implant longevity.
  • This strategy offers a platform for next-generation neural interfaces, brain-machine interfaces, and biomedical therapeutics.