Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.5K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.5K
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

2.4K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.4K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.3K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
3.3K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.8K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.8K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.9K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.9K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

22.7K
22.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In Vitro Characterization of Biodegradable Polyurethane Foams With Facile Gelatin Modification for Traumatic Wound Hemostasis and Regeneration.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A·2025
Same author

Mechanochromic Polyurethane Shape Memory Polymer for Biomedical Applications.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A·2025
Same author

Bioactive Polyurethane Shape Memory Polymer Foam Dressings with Enhanced Blood and Cell Interactions for Improved Wound Healing.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Rapid synthesis of degradable ester/thioether monomers and their incorporation into thermoset polyurethane foams for traumatic wound healing.

Acta biomaterialia·2025
Same author

Rapid Fabrication of Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel Foams With Encapsulated Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Chronic Wound Treatment.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A·2025
Same author

Chitosan Poly(vinyl alcohol) Methacrylate Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.

ACS applied bio materials·2024
Same journal

DNA Origami-Based Multivalent Nanobody Display Platform for Potent Neutralization of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry Engineered Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting in Osteochondral Regeneration and Osteoarthritis Therapy: A Translational Review.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Green Composite of Banana Powder and Graphite-Incorporated PANI Deposited on Cotton Fabric with Enhanced Humidity Sensitivity.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Bioactive Peptides for Oral Diseases: Biomaterial-Assisted Therapeutics and Translational Applications.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Click-Chemistry-Based Antibacterial Hybrid Hydrogel with Sustained Puerarin Release for Diabetic Wound Healing.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same journal

Nanotechnology in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Emerging Innovations in Wound Healing, Aesthetic Applications, and Skin Regeneration.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

12.9K

Shape Memory Polymer Foams with Tunable Degradation Profiles.

Anand Utpal Vakil1, Natalie Marie Petryk1, Ellen Shepherd1

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, and BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|September 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New degradable shape memory polymer (SMP) foams offer a promising solution for uncontrolled hemorrhage, providing effective hemostasis that can remain in place during wound healing.

More Related Videos

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
07:15

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli

Published on: December 11, 2014

14.0K
Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

12.9K
A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli
07:15

A Testing Platform for Durability Studies of Polymers and Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites under Concurrent Hygrothermo-mechanical Stimuli

Published on: December 11, 2014

14.0K
Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.6K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Trauma Medicine

Background:

  • Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a leading cause of preventable battlefield deaths, with current treatments like gauze and tourniquets often ineffective.
  • Existing hemostatic materials have limitations, including short implantation times (<12 hours) and potential for re-bleeding upon removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize degradable shape memory polymer (SMP) foams for advanced hemostatic applications.
  • To overcome limitations of current hemostatic agents by developing materials with tunable degradation and prolonged in-situ presence.

Main Methods:

  • Shape memory polymer (SMP) foams were synthesized and modified with ether and ester groups for controlled degradation.
  • Foam properties (physical, thermal, shape memory), cytocompatibility, and blood interactions were evaluated.
  • In vitro degradation studies were conducted in oxidative (H2O2) and hydrolytic (NaOH) conditions at 37 °C.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized SMP foams exhibited tunable degradation rates, achieving complete mass loss within 30-60 days.
  • Foams demonstrated suitable physical, thermal, and shape memory characteristics for hemostatic applications.
  • Cytocompatibility and blood interaction assessments indicated potential for safe in-vivo use.

Conclusions:

  • Degradable SMP foams present a novel, effective hemostatic dressing with a clinically relevant degradation profile.
  • These foams can be left in place during wound healing, reducing risks associated with removal and improving applicability in remote settings.
  • Future applications may extend to regenerative medicine, leveraging the degradable and shape-filling properties of these advanced materials.