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Related Concept Videos

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

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Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
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G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

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G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
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G Protein-coupled Receptors01:15

G Protein-coupled Receptors

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G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
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G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

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GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
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GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

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Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
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Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors01:30

Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors

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G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
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Updated: Oct 19, 2025

Measuring G-protein-coupled Receptor Signaling via Radio-labeled GTP Binding
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The G protein database, GproteinDb.

Gáspár Pándy-Szekeres1,2, Mauricio Esguerra1, Alexander S Hauser1

  • 1Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.

Nucleic Acids Research
|September 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new online platform offers comprehensive G protein research data and tools. This resource aids in understanding G protein signaling, crucial for human health and drug development.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 19, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate cellular responses to diverse stimuli.
  • A significant proportion of drugs target GPCRs, highlighting their therapeutic importance.
  • Understanding G protein signaling is vital for human physiology and medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an integrated online platform for G protein research.
  • To provide reference data and analytical tools for G protein studies.
  • To facilitate the translation of new data into insights on G protein signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a centralized online database for G protein research.
  • Integration of tools for data analysis, visualization, and study design.
  • Curation of reference data across disciplines.

Main Results:

  • An accessible online platform (https://gproteindb.org) is now available.
  • The platform supports cross-disciplinary G protein research.
  • It enables enhanced analysis and visualization of G protein signaling data.

Conclusions:

  • The G protein database serves as a valuable resource for researchers.
  • It can accelerate discoveries in pharmacology, structural biology, and genomics.
  • The platform supports advancements in understanding G protein-mediated processes crucial for health.