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Updated: Oct 18, 2025

Characterization of Immune Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles and Studying Functional Impact on Cell Environment
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The Power of Extracellular Vesicles in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: "Crafting" a Microenvironment That Matters

Lucia Catani1, Michele Cavo1, Francesca Palandri2

  • 1IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology "Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.

Cells
|September 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) pathogenesis by mediating cell communication. Research highlights EVs

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders (Essential Thrombocythemia, Polycythemia Vera, Myelofibrosis) driven by mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL.
  • MPN are associated with chronic inflammation and increased risks of thrombosis, disease progression, secondary cancers, and acute leukemia.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication, transferring bioactive molecules like nucleic acids and proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) involvement in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) pathogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of EVs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in MPN.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent findings on EVs in MPN.
  • Analysis of EV-mediated cross-talk mechanisms in cancer.
  • Discussion of EV roles in regulating the tumor microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • EVs are implicated in orchestrating the tumor microenvironment in MPN.
  • EVs influence angiogenesis, coagulation, immune escape, and drug resistance in MPN.
  • EVs facilitate communication between MPN cells and their surroundings.

Conclusions:

  • EVs are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.
  • EVs hold promise as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in MPN patients.
  • Further research into EV function could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for MPN.
Keywords:
biomarkeressential thrombocythemiaextracellular vesiclesinflammatory microenvironmentmyelofibrosismyeloproliferative neoplasmspolycythemia verathrombosis

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